Jornay PM

(methylphenidate delayed and extended release capsules)

Forms/Strengths

• Capsules: 20 mg, 40 mg, 60 mg, 80 mg, 100 mg

Dosing

• Age: ≥ 6 y/o
• Onset: delayed until early morning (~10-12 hours after evening dose)
• Duration: 12-14 hours
• Considerations: Take in the evening between 6:30-9:30 pm. Capsules can be opened and sprinkled on applesauce.
• Initial Dose: 20 mg once daily in the evening
• Titration: 20 mg weekly
• Max Dose: 60 mg/day

Quick Facts

• Inhibits dopamine/norepinephrine reuptake
• Enhances focus, attention, and impulse control
• Extended-release methylphenidate with delayed-release profile designed for bedtime dosing
• Unique evening dosing provides early morning onset and sustained symptom control throughout the day
• Common side effects: decreased appetite, insomnia, headache, gastrointestinal discomfort

Indications

•  ADHD (ICD-10: F90.0)

Off-Label Uses

How to Take

• Take once daily in the evening between 6:30 PM and 9:30 PM to allow for morning symptom control.
• Can be taken with or without food; high-fat meals may delay absorption.
• Swallow the capsule whole; do not crush or chew.
• If needed, the capsule may be opened and sprinkled on applesauce—consume immediately without chewing.

Side Effects

Monitoring / Labs

• Cardiovascular: Baseline and routine monitoring of heart rate and blood pressure.
• Growth in Pediatrics: Regular monitoring of height and weight to detect growth suppression.
• Psychiatric Symptoms: Observe for mood changes, anxiety, or psychosis.
• Abuse Potential: Monitor for misuse or diversion.

Education

• When to Call the Doctor:

  • Severe mood changes, aggression, or suicidal thoughts.
  • Chest pain, rapid heartbeat, shortness of breath (cardiovascular concerns).
  • Uncontrolled movements, tics, or worsening anxiety.
  • Numbness, coldness, or color changes in fingers or toes (circulatory issues).
  • Unexplained weight loss or delayed growth in pediatric patients.

• Safety Tips:

  • Monitor blood pressure and heart rate, especially in patients with cardiovascular risk.
  • Use caution in patients with anxiety, bipolar disorder, or psychosis, as symptoms may worsen.
  • Avoid caffeine and other stimulants, which may amplify side effects.
  • Ensure adequate hydration and nutrition, as appetite suppression is common.
  • Tapering may be required if discontinuing after long-term use.

• Parent Tips for Pediatric Patients:

  • Encourage a nutrient-dense diet to counteract appetite suppression.
  • Administer exactly as prescribed in the evening for proper morning symptom control.
  • Monitor school performance and behavioral changes.
  • Observe for sleep disturbances; adjust timing if necessary.
  • Communicate regularly with teachers and caregivers about medication effects.

Additional Information

• Contraindications:

  • Hypersensitivity to methylphenidate or formulation components.
  • Use within 14 days of MAOI therapy (risk of hypertensive crisis).
  • Symptomatic cardiovascular disease, moderate-to-severe hypertension, hyperthyroidism, glaucoma.
  • History of substance use disorder, unless benefits outweigh risks.

• Pregnancy:

  • Category C; use only if benefits outweigh risks.
  • May cause neonatal withdrawal symptoms or low birth weight.

• Lactation:

  • Excreted in breast milk; not recommended due to potential infant exposure.

• Drug Interactions:

  • Serotonergic drugs (e.g., SSRIs, SNRIs, MAOIs) increase serotonin syndrome risk.
  • Acidifying agents (e.g., ascorbic acid) may reduce drug absorption.
  • Alkalinizing agents (e.g., sodium bicarbonate) may increase methylphenidate levels.
  • May potentiate hypertensive effects of certain medications (e.g., decongestants, beta-agonists).